# Linux* Base Driver for the Intel® PRO/1000 Family of Adapters

Overview

Supported Adapters

Building and Installation

Command Line Parameters

Speed and Duplex Configuration

Additional Configurations

Known Issues

Troubleshooting

Support

## Overview

This file describes the Linux* Base Driver for the Intel® PRO/1000 Family of Adapters, version 4.1.x. This driver is intended for 2.2.x and 2.4.x kernels; it is known to build properly on 2.2.x kernels through 2.2.20 and on 2.4.x kernels through 2.4.17. Intel focused testing on Intel processor-based systems running kernels 2.4.7 and 2.2.16. This driver includes support for Itanium™-based systems.

The Intel PRO/1000 driver is only supported as a loadable module at this time. Intel is not supplying patches against the kernel source to allow for static linking of the driver. For questions related to hardware requirements, refer to the documentation supplied with your Intel PRO/1000 adapter. All hardware requirements listed apply to use with Linux.

This release version includes the following:

> | hooks for Intel ANS, the Intel Advanced Networking Services driver. Some base driver versions within specific distributions, including Red Hat*, do not include these hooks.
> | support for the ethtool 1.4 interface. A third-party application can use the ethtool interface to get and set driver parameters.
> | the zero copy feature. Zero copy provides faster information throughput. By default, this feature is enabled if using a kernel that supports it. Zero copy is not supported on the original PWLA8490 (plain) adapter.

New features include support for the Intel® PRO/1000 MT Desktop Adapter.

## Supported Adapters

The following Intel network adapters are compatible with the drivers in this release:

Controller | Adapter Name | Board IDs
82540 | PRO/1000 MT Desktop Adapter | A78408-xxx
82542 | PRO/1000 Gigabit Server Adapter | 700262-xxx, 717037-xxx
82543 | PRO/1000 F Server Adapter | 738640-xxx, A38888-xxx, A06512-xxx
82543 | PRO/1000 T Server Adapter | A19845-xxx, A33948-xxx
82544 | PRO/1000 XT Server Adapter | A51580-xxx
82544 | PRO/1000 XF Server Adapter | A50484-xxx
82544 | PRO/1000 T Desktop Adapter | A62947-xxx

To verify your adapter is supported, find the board ID number on the adapter. Look for a label that has a barcode and a number in the format 123456-001 (six digits hyphen three digits). Match this to the list of numbers above.

For more information on how to identify your adapter, go to the Adapter & Driver ID Guide at:

> http://support.intel.com/support/network/adapter/pro100/21397.htm

For the latest Intel network drivers for Linux, go to:

> http://appsr.intel.com/scripts-df/support_intel.asp

## Building and Installation

To build a binary RPM* package of this driver, run 'rpm -tb <filename.tar.gz>'. Replace <filename.tar.gz> with the specific file name of the driver.

| NOTE: For the build to work properly, the currently running kernel MUST match the version and configuration of the installed kernel sources. If you have just recompiled the kernel reboot the system now.

1. Move the base driver tar file to the directory of your choice. For example, use '/home/username/e1000' or '/usr/local/src/e1000'.

2. Untar/unzip the archive, where x.x.x is the version number for the driver tar:

   > tar zxf e1000-x.x.x.tar.gz

3. Change to the driver src directory, where x.x.x is the version number for the driver tar:

   > cd e1000-x.x.x/src/

4. Compile the driver module:

   > make install

   The binary will be installed as:

   > For Linux 2.2.x systems: /lib/modules/[KERNEL_VERSION]/net/e1000.o

   > For Linux 2.4.x systems: /lib/modules/[KERNEL_VERSION]/kernel/drivers/net/e1000.o

   | NOTE: The install locations listed above are the default locations. They may not be correct for certain Linux distributions. For more information, go to ldistrib.htm.

5. Install the module:

   > insmod e1000 <parameter>=<value>

6. Assign an IP address to the interface by entering the following, where x is the interface number:

   > ifconfig ethx <IP_address>

7. Verify that the interface works. Enter the following, where <IP_address> is the IP address for another machine on the same subnet as the interface that is being tested:

   > ping <IP_address>

## Command Line Parameters

The following parameters are used by entering them on the command line with the modprobe or insmod command. For example, with two PRO/1000 PCI adapters, entering:

> insmod e1000 TxDescriptors=80,128

loads the e1000 driver with 80 TX resources for the first adapter and 128 TX resources for the second adapter.

For more information about the AutoNeg, Duplex, and Speed parameters, see the Speed and Duplex Configuration section in this document.

Parameter Name | Valid Range/Settings | Default | Description
--- | --- | --- | ---
AutoNeg | 0-0x0F, 0x20-0x2F | 0x2F | This parameter is a bit mask that specifies which speed and duplex settings the board advertises. When this parameter is used, the Speed and Duplex parameters must not be specified. (Intel PRO/1000 T and PRO/1000 XT server adapters only)
Duplex | 0-2 (0=auto-negotiate, 1=half, 2=full) | 0 | Defines the direction in which data is allowed to flow. Can be either one or two-directional. If both Duplex and the link partner are set to auto-negotiate, the board auto-detects the correct duplex. If the link partner is forced (either full or half), Duplex defaults to half-duplex. (Intel PRO/1000 T and PRO/1000 XT server adapters only)
FlowControl | 0-3 (0=none, 1=Rx only, 2=Tx only, 3=Rx&Tx) | Read flow control settings from the EEPROM | This parameter controls the automatic generation(Tx) and response(Rx) to Ethernet PAUSE frames.
RxDescriptors | 80-256 for 82542 and 82543-based adapters 80-4096 for 82540 and 82544-based adapters | 256 | This value is the number of receive descriptors allocated by the driver. Increasing this value allows the driver to buffer more incoming packets. Each descriptor is 16 bytes. A receive buffer is also allocated for each descriptor and can be either 2048, 4096, 8192, or 16384 bytes, depending on the MTU setting.
RxIntDelay | 0-65535 (0=off) | 64 | This value delays the generation of receive interrupts in units of 1.024 microseconds. Receive interrupt reduction can improve CPU efficiency if properly tuned for specific network traffic. Increasing this value adds extra latency to frame reception and can end up decreasing the throughput of TCP traffic. If the system is reporting dropped receives, this value may be set too high, causing the driver to run out of available receive descriptors.
Speed | 0, 10, 100, 1000 | 0 | Speed forces the line speed to the specified value in megabits per second (Mbps). If this parameter is not specified or is set to 0 and the link partner is set to auto-negotiate, the board will auto-detect the correct speed. Duplex must also be set when Speed is set to either 10 or 100. (Intel PRO/1000 T and PRO/1000 XT server adapters only)
TxDescriptors | 80-256 for 82542 and 82543-based adapters 80-4096 for 82540 and 82544-based adapters | 256 | This value is the number of transmit descriptors allocated by the driver. Increasing this value allows the driver to queue more transmits. Each descriptor is 16 bytes.
TxIntDelay | 0-65535 (0=off) | 64 | This value delays the generation of transmit interrupts in units of 1.024 microseconds. Transmit interrupt reduction can improve CPU efficiency if properly tuned for specific network traffic. If the system is reporting dropped transmits, this value may be set too high causing the driver to run out of available transmit descriptors.
XsumRX | 0-1 | 1 | A value of '1' indicates that the driver should enable IP checksum offload for received packets (both UDP and TCP) to the adapter hardware. (not available on the PRO/1000 Gigabit Server Adapter)

## Speed and Duplex Configuration

Three keywords are used to control the speed and duplex configuration of the PRO/1000 T and PRO/1000 XT server adapters. These keywords are Speed, Duplex, and AutoNeg.

If the board uses a fiber interface, these keywords are ignored, and the fiber interface board only links at 1000 Mbps full-duplex.

For copper-based boards, the keywords interact as follows:

> The default operation is auto-negotiate. The board advertises all supported speed and duplex combinations, and it links at the highest common speed and duplex mode IF the link partner is set to auto-negotiate.

> If Speed = 1000, limited auto-negotiation is enabled and only 1000 Mbps is advertised (The 1000BaseT spec requires auto-negotiation.)

> If Speed = 10 or 100, then both Speed and Duplex must be set. Auto-negotiation is disabled, and the AutoNeg parameter is ignored. Partner MUST also be forced.

The AutoNeg parameter is used when more control is required over the auto-negotiation process. When this parameter is used, Speed and Duplex must not be specified. This parameter is a bitmap that specifies which speed and duplex settings are advertised to the link partner.

Bit: | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0
Speed (Mbps): | N/A | N/A | 1000 | N/A | 100 | 100 | 10 | 10
Duplex: |  |  | Full |  | Full | Half | Full | Half

Note that setting AutoNeg does not guarantee that the board will link at the highest specified speed or duplex mode, but the board will link at the highest possible speed/duplex of the link partner IF the link partner is also set to auto-negotiate. If the link partner is forced speed/duplex, the adapter MUST be forced to the same speed/duplex.

## Additional Configurations

Configuring a network driver to load properly when the system is started is distribution dependent. Typically, the configuration process involves adding an alias line to /etc/modules.conf as well as editing other system startup scripts and/or configuration files. Many popular Linux distributions ship with tools to make these changes for you. To learn the proper way to configure a network device for your system, refer to your distribution documentation. If during this process you are asked for the driver or module name, the name for the Linux Base Driver for the Intel PRO/1000 Family of Adapters is e1000.

Link messages will not be displayed to the console if the distribution is restricting system messages. In order to see network driver link messages on your console, set dmesg to at least six by entering the following:

> dmesg -n 6

## Known Issues

### Driver Hangs Under Heavy Traffic Loads

Intel is aware that previously released e1000 drivers may hang under very specific types of heavy traffic loads. This version includes a workaround that resets the adapter automatically if a hang condition is detected. This workaround ensures network traffic flow is not affected when a hang occurs.

### Jumbo Frames System Requirement

Memory allocation failures have been observed on Linux systems with 64 MB of RAM or less that are running Jumbo Frames. If you are using Jumbo Frames, your system may require more than the advertised minimum requirement of 64 MB of system memory.

## Troubleshooting

| NOTE: For distribution-specific information, see ldistrib.htm.

When trying to compile the driver by running make install, the following error may occur: "Linux kernel source not configured - missing version.h"

To solve this issue, create the version.h file by going to the Linux source tree and entering:

> make include/linux/version.h

## Support

For general information and support, go to the Intel support website at:

> http://support.intel.com

If an issue is identified with the released source code on the supported kernel with a supported adapter, email the specific information related to the issue to linux.nics@intel.com.

Copyright © 2002 Intel Corporation. Legal Information